Royal Air Force Typhoon FGR4s have operated alongside French warplanes in a combined operation on an underground arms cache in Syria operated by the IS group, according to the UK Ministry of Defence.
The facility, located using intelligence, was assessed as containing munitions and bombs, the announcement noted, and was located in mountains just above the historic site of Palmyra in Syria's central region.
"Our aircraft used Paveway IV guided bombs to hit a number of access tunnels leading to the depot... preliminary assessments are that the strike was effective," the MoD said.
There was no sign of any civilian casualties in the attack late on Saturday and every plane involved returned safely, the MoD added.
The British jets were backed up by a Voyager refuelling tanker.
IS - referred to as the so-called Islamic State - established militant control over significant areas in Syria and Iraq before its territorial defeat in 2019.
"This strike underscores British leadership, and determination to operate in unison with allied nations, to eliminate any resurgence of the terrorist group and their violent and radical beliefs in the area," the British Defence Secretary John Healey said.
British military aircraft have carried out overwatch operations over Syrian airspace to "forestall any attempted resurgence" of IS subsequent to its defeat at the Baghuz confrontation in 2019, the MoD reported.
"I extend gratitude to the personnel of British forces involved in this strike for their expertise and their bravery," he said. "Including them were thousands of British troops deployed over the holidays. This action, to take out militants who endanger our security, highlights how our armed forces are always on standby, continuously, keeping Britain secure at home and powerful internationally."
During December, the American forces executed what it called a "major assault" against IS targets in Syria, after an assault claimed the lives of two US servicemembers and a civilian interpreter in Palmyra.
The U.N. says Islamic State still has between 5,000 and 7,000 combatants in Iraq and Syria.